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        that  in  804,  Charlemagne and
        Louis  the Pious granted  the Bi-
        shop  of Urgel the right to raise
        a tithe on the valleys of Andorra.
        According  to the  most  recent
        research, this was  invented
        between 1135  and 1162  by  an
        Andorran to slow the episcopal
        goal of having the Andorran val-
        leys pledge allegiance.

        In any event, the legends above
        aside,  filiation  with  Emperor
        Charlemagne is  always  presti-
        gious.  Thus,  the Andorran na-
        tional anthem, which was com-
        posed in 1914  with words by           7: French, Andorra maxicard, 1963, the   8: French, Andorra maxicard, 2002, the
                                               foundation of Andorra by Louis the
        Joan Benlloch i Vivo (9)  (1864-       Debonaire.                         founding of Andorra by Charlemagne.
        1926),  Co-prince of Andorra
        from 1906  to 1919  –  clearly
        claims this filiation (10): “El gran
        Carlemany mon pare dels àrabs
        em deslliurà…”
        “The great Charlemagne,  my
        Father, from the  Saracens libe-
        rated us...”

                                               9: Spanish, Andorra, 1980, Joan Benlloch i
                                               Vivo, Co-prince bishop of Andorra, author
                                               of the lyrics of Andorra’s national anthem.









                                                                                  10: French, Andorra, 1980, Charlemagne
                                                                                  and the first words of Andorra’s national
                                                                                  anthem.

























                                                                                             Delcampe Magazine 23
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