한국어 日本語The Bible makes it clear that Jesus Christ came into the world to save sinners through His atoning death on the cross. The question is, however, this: who are these sinners? Do they include each and every sinner that ever lived without exception, or do they only include a subgroup of sinners? Most Christians assume that the atonement was for each and every sinner that ever lived without exception. If this is true, then the proposition "Christ died for me" becomes a part of the Gospel message. In this case, only one of three things is possible: (1) the atonement was sufficient and efficacious for each and every sinner that ever lived without exception, and thus all sinners without exception will be received into glory upon death; (2) the atonement was sufficient for each and every sinner that ever lived without exception but only efficacious for those who appropriate it to themselves; or (3) the atonement was efficacious for each and every sinner that ever lived without exception, but not sufficient to save anyone. The Bible does not teach option (1), and even among Christian Universalists, very few people would be willing to say that all sinners without exception are received into glory upon death. Skipping option (2) for the moment, the problem with option (3) is that an insufficient atonement is really no atonement at all. Sinners would be left to their own devices to save themselves, somehow and someway. Therefore, we are left with option (2). But this creates another question: how exactly are sinners supposed to appropriate the atonement to themselves? The obvious answer for most people is to make faith an appropriating act. The problem with this, however, is that the Bible does not describe faith as an appropriating act, and if the sinner attempts to turn it into an appropriating act, he ends up moving the focus from what Christ did for sinners at the cross to what the sinner supposedly did to appropriate the atonement to himself. To ameliorate this problem, it is quite common to hear people ascribe their appropriating act to the Holy Spirit working in their heart, but if this is the case, they are not ultimately saved by what "Christ did for them," but by what they suppose the Holy Spirit to have done in them. Similar to option (3), this is also a scheme of works salvation, and ascribing it to the Holy Spirit only obfuscates the problem.
The only way to avoid the problem described above is to realize that the atonement was only sufficient and efficacious for His people (Matt. 1:21). This is the only way the focus remains exclusively on Him and what He accomplished. And this is exactly what the Bible teaches, for the Apostles never required anyone to believe that Christ died for him individually as a condition for supposedly appropriating the atonement to himself. Rather, they taught that the Gospel concerned God's Son Jesus Christ and emphasized His accomplishments (Rom. 1:1-4). And because God highly exalted Him, He reveals His accomplishments to His people through belief in the Gospel (Romans 1:16-17). His people come to understand that Christ died for them individually as an implication that can be drawn from believing that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and the accompanying promises that whoever believes this has life in His name.
Sinners have the tendency to make everything about themselves, and for this reason they naturally refuse to believe the Gospel is good news unless they can confirm that they personally have some share in it, or at least have some employment in procuring its benefits. We must resist this urge and let Christ have all the glory.